Gum arabic
From Craft Wiki
Gum arabic (also known as gum sudani, acacia gum, Arabic gum, gum acacia, acacia, Senegal gum, Indian gum …) is a natural gum that can be used as a binder medium. This way you can combine pigment powders with water and a bit of gum arabic to prevent the powder from rubbing off of the paper, allowing you to paint or write with your custom made inks and paints.
Gum arabic is available in both powder and liquid form. The gum arabic by Jacquard is a powder that can be used in a ratio of 1 parts gum arabic to 4 parts pigment powder. Water can be added to reach the desired consistency.